Investigation on Radiation Characteristics of Dielectric Lens Antennas at Millimeter-Wave

Abstract

In 5G mobile communication, the antenna system for the base stations must be highly directional capable of generating multi-beam and wide-angle beam scanning. The lens antenna is being selected as one of the highly efficient antennas used for base stations. In this paper, the authors calculate, model, and simulate the dielectric lens antenna (LsA) structure of the elliptic shape, inner flat surface, and Abbe's sine condition, thereby comparing and evaluating radiation characteristics and wide-angle beam scanning capability among three lens antenna structures. The results show the lens antenna's efficiency with Abbe's sine condition and inner flat surface when the wide-beam scanning angle is up to 90° while maintaining high directivity, lower side lobe level than elliptic shape lens antenna.