6.1.1 Biomimetic sensors using the ‘gate effect’ of molecularly imprinted polymers

Abstract

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are recognition materials that can be prepared by a tailor-made process. The function of MIPs is similar to that of antibodies, but is much more robust and economical. Thus, MIPs have been expected as recognition elements in chemical sensors; however, this application has yet to be achieved. The permeability of some types of MIPs depends on specific interactions with their templates. This phenomenon is termed the “gate effect.” The gate effect of MIPs grafted onto an electrode can be detected by amperometric methods. The sensing method is very simple, selective, and highly sensitive, and thus is feasible for an extreme number of applications.