Electrochemical Sensing Behaviour of Fabricated Au-SnO₂ /ITO Electrode

Abstract

Functional nanomaterials formed after the combination of a metal oxide and metal play a prominent role in the world of nanotechnology [1]. The interaction between them generates the formation of the interfacial bonds that are mainly responsible for the adhesion strength occurring at the interfaces. Such materials find utilization in numerous fields of electronics, solar cells and chemical sensing [2]. Nanoparticle research presents widespread span for the corroboration of pioneering revelations in the field of medicines, cosmetics, optics and electronics. Astonishing outcomes result from altering the molecular and atomic states of the materials which may not be possible by using them in their original states. Tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) has been colossally used as sensing material in optoelectronic devices, and solid-state gas sensors owing to its stupendous electrical properties escorted by elevated chemical stability [3]. However, very few reports of SnO 2 nanoparticles regarding biomolecule detection are available [4]. The sensing characteristics of SnO 2 can further be improved by chemical doping with appropriate transition metals such as Pt, Pd, Au, Ag, Ru and Rh [5]. The addition of Au offers suitable platform for the detection of specific analytes [6]. Sol gel method was used to synthesize SnO 2 and Au-SnO 2 nanoparticles. Structural, morphological and chemical composition of the synthesized nanoparticles was confirmed by XRD, FESEM, TEM, FTIR, and EDS spectroscopic techniques. A frenzy of excitement has generated in electrochemistry by the application of nanotechnology. The electrochemical sensing response of the synthesized nanoparticles was checked after depositing them on ITO substrate. The comparison of the electrochemical performance of Au-SnO 2 /ITO electrode was done with SnO 2 /ITO and ITO by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) cyclic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). All studies were carried out in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at room temperature. The synthesized sensor exhibited good storage stability, specificity and reproducibility with RSD 1.73%. The practical application of the fabricated electrode was demonstrated in real sample with excellent recovery. Reference Wisnios, A. Kiejna, J. Korecki, Towards understanding MgO/Fe interface formation: Adsorption of O and Mg atoms on an Fe(001) surface, Phys. Rev. B 96 (2017) 115418. Nalepka, K. Sztwiertnia, P. Nalepka, Preferred orientation relationships at the Cu/ α −Al 2 O 3 interface: Identification and theoretical explanation, Acta Mater. 104 (2016) 156–165. Tournier, C. Pijolat, Influence of oxygen concentration in the carrier gas on the response of tin dioxide sensor under hydrogen and methane, Sens Actuators B 61(1999) 43-50. Lavanya, S. Radhakrishnan, C. Sekar, Fabrication of hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on Ni doped SnO 2 nanoparticles, Biosen. Bioelectron, 36 (2012) 41-47. Cheraghi, M. A. Taher, H. Karimi-Maleh, R. Moradi, Simultaneous detection of nalbuphine and diclofenac as important analgesic drugs in biological and pharmaceutical samples using a Pt: Co nanostructure-based electrochemical sensor, J Electrochem Soc. 164 (2017) B60-B65. Zhang, X. Liu, S.Wu,M. Xu, X. Guo, S. Wang, Au nanoparticle-decorated porous SnO 2 hollow spheres: a new model for a chemical sensor J. Mater. Chem. 20(2010) 6453–9.