Rainfall-Runoff Modeling using HEC-HMS Model for Shipra River Basin in Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract

In this study, HEC-HMS hydrological model version 4.2.1 was used to simulate the Rainfall-Runoff process in the Shipra basin at Ujjain G/d site, located in the Madhya Pradesh state of India. The basin model of HEC-HMS was created using HEC-GeoHMS and Arc-Hydro Tool in ArcGIS. The rainfall losses were estimated by the widely known Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number model, while the Soil Conservation service Unit Hydrograph model was used to transform excess rainfall into a direct rainfall hydrograph. The Routing of the total runoff from the outlet of the sub-basin to the outlet of the whole basin was achieved by using the Lag model. To estimate the reference evapotranspiration, FAO Penman-Monteith method was used in CROPWAT 8.0. The calibration of the model was performed using the rainfall data of Indore, Dewas, and Ujjain gauging station and discharge data of Ujjain gauging discharge station, from 2000 to 2003. Similarly, Validation was performed for the period from 2004 to 2006 on the daily time step. The model performance was evaluated based on the computed statistical parameters and visual examination of the hydrograph. For the Calibration period of the continuous modeling, the performance of the model was very good, with Coefficient of Determination (R2) = 0.85, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) = 0.72, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was 14.4(m3/s), and Mean Absolute Error was 53.9 (m3/s). similarly, the model performance for the validation was good, with R2= 0.88, NSE =69, RMSE= 13.9 (m3/s) and Mean Absolute Error = 63.9 (m3/s). The results of the calibration and validation values were very satisfactory. Finally, it can be concluded that the model can be used with reasonable approximation in hydrological simulation in the Shipra basin.