Micron-thick perovskite solar cells with all-inkjet-printed absorber and extraction layers

Abstract

Spin-coated perovskite solar cells (PSC) have demonstrated an exceptional increase in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) on small-area devices. Scaling-up this technology requires developing a scalable solution processing techniques like digital inkjet printing that additionally offers maskless free-form depositing. Here, we demonstrate a processing route for an inkjet-printed (IJP) triple cation PSC, which can surpass the 20% PCE limit by optimizing a vacuum crystallization technique that enables absorber layers thicker than 1 micron with a grain boundary-free columnar crystal structure. Further, we replace the vacuum-deposited charge-transport layers with IJP pendants to achieve a PSC layer stack consisting of only IJP functional layers.