JOURNAL ARTICLE

Groundwater Remediation Using Permeable Reactive Barrier Technology

Stefania BilardiPaolo S. CalabròNicola Moraci

Year: 2020 Journal:   DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)

Abstract

A Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) represents a valid and sustainable in situ groundwater remediation technology. It consists of a diaphragm wall, filled with a reactive medium and placed across the flow path of the contaminated groundwater in order to intercept the contaminants. A PRB does not require energy for, it requires the removal of modest volumes of soil, it does not present problems of visual impact and allows the use of the contaminated site during remediation. Monitoring performed on full-scale PRB, composed of zero valent iron (ZVI) as reactive medium, showed that, despite the considerable reactivity, ZVI is not able to maintain its hydraulic conductivity over a long period of time. The objective of the present work was to improve the hydraulic behaviour of the ZVI, by mixing this material with lapillus, a reactive medium of volcanic origin, sustainable for the environment and readily available. Experimental studies, conducted through batch and column tests, have shown that lapillus is reactive towards the tested contaminants, i.e. nickel and zinc, whose presence seriously threatens the quality of aquifers. La bonifica delle acque di falda tramite la tecnologia delle Barriere Permeabili Reattive Una barriera permeabile reattiva (BPR) rappresenta una tecnologia in situ per il risanamento delle acque di falda. Si tratta di un diaframma, costituito da un materiale permeabile e reattivo, installato nella stessa direzione del flusso di falda in maniera tale da intercettare gli inquinati contenuti in esso. Una BPR non necessita energia per il suo funzionamento, richiede la rimozione di modesti volumi di terreno, non presenta problemi di impatto visivo e consente di utilizzare il sito contaminato durante la bonifica. Monitoraggi eseguiti su BPR in vera grandezza, realizzate utilizzando ferro zero valente (Fe0) come materiale reattivo, hanno evidenziato come, nonostante la notevole reattività, esso non sia in grado di mantenere la propria conducibilità idraulica nel lungo periodo. Con l’obiettivo di migliorare le prestazioni idrauliche del Fe0, nel presente lavoro vengono presentati i risultati dei test di laboratorio effettuati per valutare la miscelazione di tale mezzo reattivo con il lapillo, un materiale di origine vulcanica, sostenibile per l’ambiente, e facilmente reperibile. Gli studi sperimentali condotti attraverso prove batch e prove di interazione in colonna, hanno dimostrato come il lapillo sia reattivo nei confronti degli inquinanti testati, ovvero nichel e zinco, la cui presenza minaccia profondamente la qualità delle falde acquifere.

Keywords:
Environmental remediation Permeable reactive barrier Zerovalent iron Groundwater Environmental science Aquifer Environmental engineering Environmental chemistry Contamination Chemistry Geology Geotechnical engineering Ecology

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Topics

Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
Physical Sciences →  Engineering →  Biomedical Engineering

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