High-Performance Electrolytes for Batteries

Abstract

Batteries are the promising electrochemical devices that directly convert chemical energy to electricity. For the moment, the development of batteries is gradually toward energy storage batteries, especially portable batteries, due to the shortage of electricity being solved. Hence, high-efficient energy storage batteries have become an important direction of research and industrial applications. Portable batteries, like lithium ion batteries, are widely used as promising electrical energy storage for electronic products and electric vehicles thanks to high specific energy density, fast charge/discharge, and long lifetime. Meanwhile, their applications in pure electric vehicles as power batteries already become alternative energy sources to replace gasoline. In addition, solid oxide fuel cells are clean, and highly efficient electrochemical power generation devices are also attracted increasing interests in power station and vehicles. However, the enhancement of energy and power density, safety, and cycle stability is still a challenge to develop high-performance batteries. The preparation techniques of electrolytes are developed to improve ionic conductivity by controlling the surface and interface features. Thus, the development of high-performance electrolyte materials and preparations used for batteries are introduced in this chapter.