Recent progress of inorganic anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Abstract

Due to the abundance and low cost of sodium resources, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted extensive attention as a promising candidate for grid-scale energy storage. Anode materials determine key characteristics of SIBs, and great progress have been made in recent years. The research of anode materials mainly focuses on inorganic materials, including carbonaceous materials, alloy materials and titanium-based materials. However, the Na ions with large ionic radius usually cause the volume expansion and slow kinetics of anodes, and thus deliver unsatisfied electrochemical performance. Nowadays, the design of material structures and their coupling with suitable electrolytes have been demonstrated as effective strategies to promote the electrochemical property. Herein, we systematically summarize the progress of several kinds of inorganic anode materials, in which the problems and strategies are discussed, and the perspective of anode materials is provided.