The patient’s journey

Abstract

Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure, 144, 298-301, 315Acute NIV ARF, see Acute respiratory failure(ARF) care settings, 3-5 education programmes/assessmentof staff competencies, see Education programmes/ assessmentin obesity related respiratory failure, 452monitoring during, see Monitoring, during acute NIVset-up, see Setup, acute NIV Acute oxygen therapy, 287-293clinical assessment of potentially hypoxic patient, 287, 288future research, 292-293 investigations, 288-289 overview, 287, 288t oxygen therapy, 289-290 supplementary oxygen, 290-292overview, 290-291 prescription, administration andmonitoring, 291-292 vulnerable to oxygen, patients, 291Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 23, 30, 475ECCO2R in patients with, 36, 37-38, 40HFOT for, 298 LUCI in ventilated patient with,194-195 Acute Respiratory Distress SyndromeNetwork (ARDSNet), 37-38 Acute respiratory failure (ARF), 139-146,481 acute cardiac failure, 143 acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure,144 COPD exacerbation, 139-141COPD patients in, 24 effects of PAV in, 31 gold standard in, 122 HFNCO, 145-146 hypoxaemic, 298-301, 315 IMV, discontinuation of, 141-143effects of NIV during unsuccessful weaning, 142-143pathophysiology of weaning failure, 141-142in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 394-395in bronchiectasis, evidence-based use of NIV in, 471in CF evidence-based use of NIV in, 471in obesity and obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, 462NIV and CPAP, 460-462 interfaces for, 43 NIV in children with, 533-536clinical management, 536 evidence base, 533-536 overview, 533nosocomial pneumonia, risk of, 57 oronasal masks for, 47 overview, 2, 3, 5, 47, 147 pressure support and volume control,14 preventionCOPD and hypercapnic respiratory failure, exacerbation, 131CPO, 131 de novo hypoxic respiratoryfailure, 132, 133-134 starting NIV, 73-77equipment, 76, 77 location, 74-75 personnel, 73, 74f practical issues, 77 selection of patients, 75-76, 77tAcute setting CPAP in, 25 guidelines for NIV in, 113Acute-on-chronic respiratory failure amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 394 intubation in, 249-252benefit of NIV, 249-250 Acute/acute-on-chronic respiratoryfailure, development of, 243-244Adaptive pressure support, 16 Adaptive servo ventilation (ASV), 414 Adaptive Servo Ventilation on Survival andHospital Admissions in Heart Failure (ADVENT-HF), 348Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV), 341, 347, 348-349heart failure and central sleep apnoea, 415Adenosine triphosphate and ventilatory control, 448Adherence, reduced, in NIV, 64 Administering NIV, out of ICU, 251-252 Administration, supplementary oxygentherapy, 291-292 Adrenaline, 328 Advance care planning (ACP), 574-575 Advanced physiological measurements,pulmonary mechanics, 178, 179 ADVENT-HF trial, 349 Adverse effects, of ECCO2R, 39 Aerosol therapy, in NIV, 67-70characteristic factors of technique, 67-69airway flow, 69 BiPAP mode, 68-69 CPAP mode, 68 interface, leaks, generatorposition, 67, 68f type of device, level of positivepressure and drug dose, 69 ventilatory mode, 68factors depending on patient, 67 two factors derived from, 69-70aerosolised bronchodilators during NIV, 69-70ASTHMA-NIV, 70 COPD-NIV, 69 position of generator, 69 type of drug and dose, 69 type of generator, nebuliser vs.