Leader‐following consensus of heterogenous fractional‐order multi‐agent systems under input delays

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, over fixed directed communication graph, the leader‐following consensus of heterogenous fractional‐order multi‐agent systems (HFOMASs) is investigated with respect to input delays, where the fractional orders between leader and followers are heterogenous, which is more general. Firstly, a control algorithm with a fractional‐order estimator is proposed to guarantee the leader‐following consensus of the HFOMASs. Then, the identical input delays are taken into account in the above control algorithm, and the leader‐following consensus of the HFOMASs can be achieved under the derived sufficient and necessary condition. Thirdly, the diverse input delays are further considered in the HFOMASs, and a sufficient condition is put forward under the designed control algorithm. Finally, simulations are conducted to make the results be convinced.