Carbon Nanomaterials for Li–O2 Batteries

Abstract

This chapter focuses on some progress in the design of a novel carbon-based air electrode for application in Lithium–air (Li–O2) battery systems. It presents guidance for the rational design of air electrodes with enhanced performance. The chapter also focuses on the development of carbon nanomaterials for the air electrode of Li–O2 batteries, as well as the relationships between the cell performance and properties of various carbon materials. High energy-density rechargeable batteries are crucial for the development of next-generation ­electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage systems. The formation of Li2O2 as the discharge product of Li–O2 batteries has been confirmed by different groups. In a nonaqueous electrolyte system, the cell capacity is limited by the precipitation of Li–O2 within the pores of air electrodes, which prevents the continuous oxygen diffusion into the interior of the air electrode. Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers have been used in various energy storage systems, including fuel cells, supercapacitors, and batteries, due to their novel properties.