Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Exploiting a Compact TiO<inf>2</inf>/Anatase TiO<inf>2</inf> Single Crystalline Nanoparticles Electron Transport Bilayer

Abstract

Herein, a compact TiO ₂ /Anatase (AT) titania nanoparticles (TiO ₂ NPs) bilayer was introduced as an electron transport layer (ETL) by comprising spray pyrolysis (SP) deposition and spin-coating (SC) technique, respectively, in planar perovskite solar cells. A SP-TiO ₂ /SC-AT TiO ₂ NPs bilayer-based perovskite solar cells are facilitated more efficient electron transport, charge extraction, and low interfacial recombination, and thus leads champion efficiencies up to 17.05% by a significant decrease of J-V hysteresis, presenting almost 12% enhancement compared to the TiO ₂ single layer-based counterparts.