CARBAMATED CORNCOBS AS A NATURAL COAGULANT FOR WATER TREATMENT

Abstract

This work deals with synthesis of carbamated corncobs via reaction with urea.The factors affecting the nitrogen content of the produced carbamated corncobs such as urea concentration, the liquor/corncob ratio, reaction time and temperature were studied.The nitrogen content of the produced carbamated corncobs was increased by increasing urea concentrations and decreasing liquor/corncob ratio at the same reaction temperature and time.The product obtained was characterized by FT-IR, HNMR and elemental analysis (C, H, N, and S).The clarification efficiency of corncobs derivative for metal ions in raw water such as Fe 3+ , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ was determined.Also both of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved solid (TDS), turbidity and conductivity were measured.It was concluded that using the produced carbamated corncobs in mixture with FeCl 3 enhanced the water clarity and decrease the required dose of FeCl 3 to its half value in the same time enhancing the clarification efficiency of the water.