Spinel/Layered Heterostructured Lithium-Rich Oxide Nanowires as Cathode Material for High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Lithium-rich oxide material has been considered as an attractive candidate for high-energy cathode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the practical applications are still hindered due to its low initial reversible capacity, severe voltage decaying, and unsatisfactory rate capability. Among all, the voltage decaying is a serious barrier that results in a large decrease of energy density during long-term cycling. To overcome these issues, herein, an efficient strategy of fabricating lithium-rich oxide nanowires with spinel/layered heterostructure is proposed. Structural characterizations verify that the spinel/layered heterostructured nanowires are a self-assembly of a lot of nanoparticles, and the Li₄Mn₅O₁₂ spinel phase is embedded inside the layered structure. When the material is used as cathode of LIBs, the spinel/layered heterostructured nanowires can display an extremely high invertible capacity of 290.1 mA h g^-1 at 0.1 C and suppressive voltage fading. Moreover, it exhibits a favorable cycling stability with capacity retention of 94.4% after charging/discharging at 0.5 C for 200 cycles and it shows an extraordinary rate capability (183.9 mA h g^-1, 10 C). The remarkable electrochemical properties can be connected with the spinel/layered heterostructure, which is in favor of Li⁺ transport kinetics and enhancing structural stability during the cyclic process.