Wear performance of multiwalled carbon nanotube‐reinforced ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene composite

Abstract

Abstract Ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene ( UHMWPE ) has proven to be a good counterpart articulating surface against Cr–Co–Mo femoral components in artificial joints. Nevertheless, UHMWPE wear damage and subsequent aseptic loosening continues to be the main reason for revision of knee replacements. There is an ongoing research effort to improve the metal‐on‐ UHMWPE couple. This study compares the wear resistance of multiwalled carbon nanotube‐reinforced UHMWPE composite with conventional orthopedic grade UHMWPE currently used in total knee replacements. Defined by previous studies, 1.25 wt.% multiwall carbon nanotubes ( MWCNT ) were incorporated into UHMWPE to fabricate UHMWPE ‐ MWCNT composites by solution blending, achieving an even distribution in the polymeric matrix. UHMWPE ‐ MWCNT samples were manufactured by compression molding and sterilized with γ‐rays. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed a uniform distribution of the MWCNT s. The volumetric wear was reduced by 86.9%, and the indentation depth in creep testing decreased 68%. The composite displayed superior wear behavior producing less wear debris than conventional materials.