Factors Affecting Transcultural Self-efficacy among Nursing Students

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among cultural competency, empathy and transcultural self-efficacy and to identify the predictors of transcultural self-efficacy among nursing students. Methods The research design for this study was a descriptive survey using convenience sampling. Data collection was done using self-report questionnaires of 504 nursing students in G and C provinces. The data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS Win 20.0 Program. Results The mean score of transcultural self-efficacy was 5.99±1.25 out of a possible 10. Transcultural self-efficacy showed a significantly positive correlation with cultural competency (r=0.45, p<0.001) and empathy (r=0.25, p<0.001). In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, cultural skills, perspective taking, empathic concern and personal distress were significant predictors and explained 30.1% of transcultural self-efficacy. Conclusions The results of this study showed that there are significant factors affecting the transcultural self-efficacy of nursing students. Based on these results, cultural education programs are needed to in order to improve cultural self-efficacy. Key words: Cultural competency, Empathy, Self-efficacy, Transcultural nursing