Quantum effects in the plasmon response of bimetallic core-shell nanostructures

Abstract

We report a quantum mechanical study of the plasmonic response of bimetallic spherical core/shell nanoparticles. The systems comprise up to 10⁴ electrons and their optical response is addressed with Time Dependent Density Functional Theory calculations. These quantum results are compared with classical electromagnetic calculations for core/shell systems formed by Al/Na, Al/Au and Ag/Na, as representative examples of bimetallic systems. We show that for shell widths in the nanometer range, the system cannot be described as a simple stack of two metals. The finite size effect and the transition layer formed between the core and the shell strongly modify the optical properties of the compound nanoparticle. In particular this configuration leads to a frequency shift of the plasmon resonance with shell character and an increased plasmon decay into electron-hole pairs which eventually quenches this resonance for very thin shells. This effect is difficult to capture with a classical theory even upon adjustment of the parameters of a combination of metallic dielectric functions.