Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage in Thick Composite MoS₂ Nanocrystal‐Based Electrodes

Abstract

A synthesis methodology is demonstrated to produce MoS 2 nanoparticles with an expanded atomic lamellar structure that are ideal for Faradaic‐based capacitive charge storage. While much of the work on MoS 2 focuses on the high capacity conversion reaction, that process is prone to poor reversibility. The pseudocapacitive intercalation‐based charge storage reaction of MoS 2 is investigated, which is extremely fast and highly reversible. A major challenge in the field of pseudocapacitive‐based energy storage is the development of thick electrodes from nanostructured materials that can sustain the fast inherent kinetics of the active nanocrystalline material. Here a composite electrode comprised of a poly(acrylic acid) binder, carbon fibers, and carbon black additives is utilized. These electrodes deliver a specific capacity of 90 mAh g −1 in less than 20 s and can be cycled 3000 times while retaining over 80% of the original capacity. Quantitative kinetic analysis indicates that over 80% of the charge storage in these MoS 2 nanocrystals is pseudocapacitive. Asymmetric full cell devices utilizing a MoS 2 nanocrystal‐based electrode and an activated carbon electrode achieve a maximum power density of 5.3 kW kg −1 (with 6 Wh kg −1 energy density) and a maximum energy density of 37 Wh kg −1 (with 74 W kg −1 power density).