This article deals with anaphoric reference, as a particular type of semantic relation between constituents of sentences. Anaphoric reference is further characterized as a non-structural semantic relation, as contrasted with structural semantic relations. It is divided into the following types, based on semantic criteria: (a) anaphoric binding, consisting of grammatical and lexical subtypes, and (b) textual binding, realized by items which have some logical and/or ontological connections in a text.