A Novel Cluster Head Selection Method based on HAC Algorithm for Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Improving the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) remains an open and active research area. One of the challenging problems in this field is the partitioning of a WSN into disjoint clusters so that the network lifetime is maximized. In particular, the selection of a head for each cluster should consider various parameters related to transmission costs. In this paper, we propose a novel clustering scheme based on hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithm. The selection of the cluster heads is based on the proximity with a virtual node representing the optimal head location with respect to energy consumption. The proposed algorithm is re-executed at each packet delivering round to maintain energy efficiency during the whole network lifetime. In the transmission of packets to BS, we consider two cases: - Single Hop transmission between CHs and BS that, each CH directly send packets to BS. and - Multi-Hop transmission between the BS and CHs that, each CH transmits to another CH or to a base station according to the results obtained by the algorithm of the spanning tree Experimental results show that our clustering scheme is less energy-consuming than LEACH, HEED and clustering protocol using k-means algorithm.