<title>Combined x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray powder diffraction</title>

Abstract

The complementary nature of x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction (XRD) is described. In particular XAFS records the local structure while XRD detects the long-range crystallinity enabling the heterogeneity of materials like single-phase catalysts to be explored. Both measurements can be combined to facilitate novel in situ experiments. We have used a horizontal energy dispersed x-ray beam and a photodiode array to detect transmission XAFS and a curved position sensitive detector positioned in the vertical plane to record XRD. This arrangement has been used to follow the formation of mixed-oxide catalysts.