P. B. KoselGavin MunroRichard Vaughan
The underlying theory, design, and operation are presented for an interdigitated capacitive displacement transducer supported on an air-bearing stage. This device provides a purely electrical means of displacement measurement and offers the possibility of being closely matched to the substrate against thermal perturbations. Tests on a prototype system show the basic capacitive transducer to have a sensitivity of 2.6 mV/μm and a position uncertainty of 4 nm set by thermal noise.
N. P. VolkovE. V. GrinyaevaN. I. DanikovA. S. Shmachilin
A. P. GritsenkoA. E. KritskiiI. N. Magda
G.A. BertoneZ.H. MeiksinNicholas L. Carroll
Masahide HirasawaMitsunobo NakamuraMakoto Kanno