Wireless sensor networks routing protocol based on ant colony algorithm

Abstract

In the paper, we provide a novel routing algorithm (ANRP), which is based on Ant Colony System. The aim of the ANRP is to solve the problem of limited energy for wireless sensor network routing process. It is able to achieve better load balance and prolong the network lifetime. ANRP combines the ratio of the residual energy and the total energy with the distance of any two nodes, which is used as the control factor of the decision probability. Furthermore, in the incremental equation of pheromone, it also considers data packets length and the hop-size between source node and destination node. In this way, NARP can search the optimize path from the source node to destination node and balances the energy consumption for WSNs. Simulation results demonstrate that NARP has better performance than AODV.