Investigating the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in supercritical carbon dioxide using Pd-containing catalysts

Abstract

Results from investigating the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene using palladium catalysts in a CO2(SC) medium with a traditional solvent (isopropanol) and without a solvent are presented. The reaction conditions in the CO2(SC) are: temperature, 90°C; nitrobenzene mass, 2.4 g; mass of catalyst, 0.1 g; partial pressure of hydrogen, 5 MPs; partial pressure of carbon dioxide, 20 MPa. The process of nitrobenzene hydrogenation in the CO2(SC) is accelerated. The rate of formation of the target product (aniline) in the CO2(SC) medium is 3.5–5-fold higher than the reaction in isopropanol or without the solvent. The process selectivity is 92–95%.