Electro-optic tunable optical isolator in periodically poled LiNbO3

Abstract

We proposed a design of a tunable optical isolator. The electro-optic (EO) effects in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) with a defect were studied. EO effects and second harmonic generation (SHG) allow three-wave coupling in this nonlinear optics process. A defect is inserted in an asymmetrical position in PPLN to break the reciprocity of the fundamental-wave transmission in two reversed propagating directions. We numerically demonstrated that the contrast of this optical isolator can be tuned from −1 to 1 by simply changing the external dc electric field. With EO effects, the position of the defect can be designed more flexibly maintaining a high contrast of the optical isolation.