Fracture Toughness of Carbon Foam

Abstract

Mode I fracture toughness of open cell carbon foam was measured using single edge notched four-point bend specimens. A micromechanical model was developed assuming a rectangular prism as the unit-cell. A small region surrounding the crack tip was modeled using finite elements. Displacement boundary conditions were applied to the boundary of the region based on linear elastic fracture mechanics for orthotropic materials. From the finite element results the Mode I stress intensity factor that will cause failure of a crack tip element was determined and it was taken as the predicted fracture toughness of the foam. A simpler model in which the foam consisted of struts of square cross section was also considered. The micromechanical simulations were used to study the variation of fracture toughness as a function of solidity of the foam. The good agreement between the finite element and experimental results for fracture toughness indicates that micromechanics can be an effective tool to study crack propagation in cellular solids.