Nonenzymatic Amperometric Glucose Sensor Based on Nanoporous Gold/Ruthenium Electrode

Abstract

Abstract Nanoporous gold/ruthenium (npAu‐Ru) nanocomposite catalysts were synthesized by the incorporation of Ru on npAu, which exhibited reasonable nonenzymatic glucose sensing characteristics with good sensitivity and selectivity. The structure and electrocatalytic activities of the npAu and npAu‐Ru catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and linear sweep voltammetry. To examine the detection of glucose, npAu and npAu‐Ru were loaded on a glassy carbon electrode with chitosan (CHIT) as capping agent for the nanocomposites, GC/npAu/CHIT and GC/npAu‐Ru/CHIT electrode, respectively. The GC/npAu‐Ru/CHIT electrode showed six fold higher sensitivity (240 µA mM −1 cm −2 for the linear dynamic range) for amperometric glucose detection than the GC/npAu/CHIT electrode. This could be attributed to the incorporation of Ru. Moreover the GC/npAu‐Ru/CHIT electrode displayed selectivity for glucose over biological interferents, including ascorbic acid and uric acid.