Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance Values for O/W Emulsions Stabilized by Nonionic Surfactants. II. “Required Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance Values” of the Oil Mixture

Abstract

Abstract To study the additivity of the HLB values of an oil mixture from its component and the characteristics of the oil mixture forming a component of the emulsion, the required HLB values of several oil mixtures were determined by means of the emulsification tests proposed by Griffin. The oil mixtures examined in this series of experiments consist of two oils, one being a mineral oil of fixed components and the other an oil to be studied as the additive, which is added in varying ratios to the fixed-component mineral oil. The additivity of the required HLB values in oil mixtures was shown to hold to some extent for the case of saturated fatty acids, n-fatty alcohols, and some acetylated esters. For the rest of the additives, the additivity is not valid. The required HLB values of these additive oils were remarkably large in the case of fatty acids, alcohols and some acetylated esters, excepting the anomalous value for oleic acid. The structural effects on the increase of required HLB values seem to be in the following order: COOH>OH>COOR