A conductivity study and calorimetric analysis of dried poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate)/poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polyelectrolyte complexes

Abstract

Ionically cross-linked polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) of anionic poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and cationic poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), xPSS⋅(1−x)PDADMAC, with molar fractions x ranging from 0.30 to 0.70, were prepared and subsequently dried. The PEC samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, and the ionic conductivity σdc of the samples was measured as a function of temperature by means of impedance spectroscopy. The thermograms display an endothermic peak in the temperature range of 90–143°C, which is attributed to a glass transition of the PEC. The glass transition temperature Tg has a symmetric x dependence with a minimum at x=0.50. The temperature dependence of σdcT is not affected by the glass transition. The ionic conductivity of the samples before drying is three orders of magnitude larger than σdc after drying; nevertheless, their activation enthalpies are identical. Arrhenius parameters obtained from the systematic study of several PEC compositions are discussed. The ionic conductivity of the PSS-rich samples is significantly higher than σdc of PDADMAC-rich samples. This implies a relatively high Na+ mobility as compared to Cl− mobility in PEC. In contrast to the symmetric x dependence of Tg, the conductivity of PEC increases and the activation enthalpy decreases with increasing x in the investigated composition range. A strong x dependence of σdc is observed for PSS-rich PEC, which is attributed to a significant variation in the mobility of the charge carriers.