Effect of Anode-Cathode Spacing on Anodic Formation of Self-Organized TiO₂ Nanotube Arrays

Abstract

We report on the effect of anode-cathode spacing on the fabrication of TiO2 nanotube arrays by using a facile two-electrode anodization system. The experimental results show that the formation of nanotubes is affected by the anode-cathode spacing and the possible mechanism is also discussed. The as-formed TiO2 nanotube arrays were mainly examined by using a field emission scanning electron microscope. The present results are believed to be generalized to fabricate self-organized oxide nanotube arrays in other anodizing systems.