Mass-sensitive immunosensors for determining chloroacetanilide herbicides

Abstract

Highly sensitive piezoelectric quartz immunosensors are proposed for the rapid selective determination of chloroacetanilide herbicides. Receptor coatings are hapten-protein conjugates immobilized on the presilanized surface of sensor silver or gold electrodes. Complementary pairs of immunoreagents ensuring the maximum analytical signal are selected on the basis of affinity constants found by the Sketchard method. The detection limits for acetochlor and alachlor are 0.02 ng/mL and that for butachlor is 0.002 ng/mL. Sensors were used to determine residual amounts of herbicides in foodstuffs and environmental objects.