Transfer of genetic information in an organism

Abstract

Abstract New knowledge in biology led us to a better understanding of organization and functioning of living organisms. Today, re‐evaluation of our concept of human biology is taking place. Theoretical analysis shows that taking into account the complexity of the organism and frequency of spontaneous mutations, it is impossible to explain the real time of organismal life. Therefore, besides extant systems, other repair systems must also exist. There are three “levels” at which a cell population withstands mutational pressure. First—intracellular (repair), second—intercellular (all forms of informational flows), and third—cellular replacement. Stem cells undertake regenerative functions following damage at the level of the tissue. They are also influenced by mutations, and for stem cells, it is most important that they preserve and support their full activity.