Thermoplastic polyurethane/single-walled carbon nanotube composites with low electrical resistance surfaces

Abstract

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) nanocomposite films were prepared using 1,6-hexane diisocyanate and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) in tetrahydrofuran with various concentrations of SWCNTs. The interaction between polyurethane (PU) and SWCNTs in nanocomposite was studied using different methods. The film turns yellowish to grayish-black in colour upon increasing the concentration of SWCNTs in PU matrix. This may be due to the formation of π–π interaction between polyurethane amide functional group and SWCNTs. Differential scanning calorimetric results show that the soft segment of nanocomposite interacts much stronger than hard segment, which results in lowering melting transition temperature of soft segments. The activation energy and thermal stability parameters were determined from thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analyses. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic results show the intermolecular interaction between HTPB-based PU and SWCNT. Mesoporous morphology of the nanocomposites was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The average diameter of the pores was calculated using Gaussian method. The TPU films exhibit about 3.5 times greater resistivity than nanocomposite films. All the analysed data prove that the SWCNTs were well distributed in PU matrix and exhibited as tough films with low electrical resistivity.