Refractive index sensing with an air-slot photonic crystal nanocavity

Abstract

We investigate an air-slot photonic crystal cavity for high-precision refractive index sensing. The high quality factor approximately 2.6x10(4) of the cavity, along with a strong overlap between the resonant mode and the hollow core region, allows us to achieve an experimental sensitivity of 510nm per refractive index unit (RUI) and a detection limit below 1x10(-5)RUI. The device has a remarkably low sensing volume of 40aliters, holding less than 1x10(6)molecules.