The analysis of optical transmission in three-dimensional waveguide coupler

Abstract

Optical waveguide directional couplers can perform some very useful functions in a variety of integrated optical applications, especially when the branch arm incorporates gain. In this paper, the performance of three-dimensional active optical waveguide directional coupler is analyzed by finite-difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM). The paper analyses the impact of normalized gain difference and normalized phase difference on optical power transfer characteristics. The transmission characteristics of three-dimensional active waveguide coupler in phase matching and mismatching are discussed in detail. In addition, the influence of geometric parameters of three-dimensional waveguide coupler on the transmission characteristics is analyzed. The result of above analysis can be helpful for optimizing the active coupler designing.