Synopsis Let S be an inverse semigroup and F a field. It is shown that if F has characteristic 0 and is not algebraic over its prime subfield then the algebra of S over F is semiprimitive (i.e. Jacobson semisimple). This generalises a well-known theorem on group algebras due to Amitsur. Similar results for the case in which F has prime characteristic are obtained under the additional hypotheses that S is completely semisimple or that S is E -unitary with a totally ordered semilattice.