Barium Zirconate‐Lead Titanate Ferroelectric Ceramics

Abstract

Hot‐pressed barium zirconate‐lead titanate ceramics have been examined to determine crystal‐line symmetry and dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties. Barium zirconate additions to lead titanate form solid solutions with a decreasing tetragonal c/a axial ratio until at 60PbTiO 3 –40BaZrO 3 to 75PbTiO 3 –25BaZrO 3 the ceramics have coercive forces low enough to permit polarization. High‐coercive‐force piezo‐electric ceramics are formed with k p up to 0.30 and d 33 up to 110 × 10 −12 coulombs per newton.