Finite element analysis of wave propagation in lossy inhomogeneous anisotropic dielectric media based on variational principles

Abstract

An accurate analysis is provided of planar optical waveguides that includes significant loss, while retaining the ability to handle all other arbitrary features. The criteria adopted for selection and/or derivation of the actual variational formulation are outlined. A variational expression is given that has been derived by explicitly including the divergence equation. It is currently being tested against a number of basic benchmake examples.< >