Energy efficiency and sum rate when massive MIMO meets device-to-device communication

Abstract

This paper considers a scenario of short-range communication, known as\ndevice-to-device (D2D) communication, where D2D users reuse the downlink\nresources of a cellular network to transmit directly to their corresponding\nreceivers. In addition, multiple antennas at the base station (BS) are used in\norder to simultaneously support multiple cellular users using multiuser or\nmassive MIMO. The network model considers a fixed number of cellular users and\nthat D2D users are distributed according to a homogeneous Poisson point process\n(PPP). Two metrics are studied, namely, average sum rate (ASR) and energy\nefficiency (EE). We derive tractable expressions and study the tradeoffs\nbetween the ASR and EE as functions of the number of BS antennas and density of\nD2D users for a given coverage area.\n