Utilization of Mangrove Forest Plant: Nipa Palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.)

Abstract

This review paper discusses the production, uses and importance of Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb., Arecaceae). It is a mangrove palm that grows well in 'Sundarbans' mangrove forest of Bangladesh. Nipa palm is locally called 'Golpata' used for multipurpose such as roof thatching, partitioning, foods, medicinal purposes and as a source of fuel wood. The sugary sap from the inflorescence stalk is used as a source of treacle (molasses), amorphous sugar, vinegar and alcohol. Newly developed shoots are to be used as a vermicide. Ash from Nipa palm is used as an analgesic against tooth pain and headache. Dry leaves, petiole, stem wood, fruit residues etc. are used as fuel. In fishing, rhizomes of Nipa palm are extensively used, facilitating the fishing net to float over the water surface. This palm helps stabilizing soils, protecting against erosion, reducing the forces of cyclones and high sea waves in the coastal zones. The demand of Nipa palm products is increasing day by day in the different countries of the world including Bangladesh.